A web application firewall is an appliance, server plugin, or filter that applies a set of rules to an HTTP conversation. Generally, these rules cover common attacks such as Cross-site Scripting (XSS) & SQL Injection. By customizing the rules to your application, many attacks can be identified and blocked. The effort to perform this customization can be significant and needs to be maintained as the application is modified.
Important Selection Criteria
+ Protection Against OWASP Top Ten!
+ Very Few False Positives (i.e., should NEVER disallow an authorized request)
+ Strength of Default (Out of the Box) Defenses
+ Power and Ease of Learn Mode
+ Types of Vulnerabilities it can prevent.
+ Both Positive and Negative Security model support.
+ Simplified and Intuitive User Interface.
+ Cluster mode support.
+ High Performance (Milliseconds latency).
+ Complete Alerting, Forensics, Reporting capabilities.
+ Web Services\XML support.
+ Brute Force protection.
+ Ability to Active (Block and log), Passive (log only) and bypass the web trafic.
+ Ability to keep users constrained to exactly what they have seen in the current session
+ Ability to be configured to prevent ANY specific problem (i.e., Emergency Patches)
+ Form Factor: Software vs. Hardware (Hardware generally preferred)
+ Detects disclosure and unauthorized content in outbound reply messages, such as credit-card and Social Security numbers.
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